Diese Seite bei php.net
The PHP manual text and comments are covered by the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License © the PHP Documentation Group - Impressum - mail("TO:Reinhard Neidl",...)
(PHP 4, PHP 5)
nl2br — Fügt vor allen Zeilenumbrüchen eines Strings HTML-Zeilenumbrüche ein
Gibt den string mit einem vor allen Neue-Zeile-Zeichen eingefügten '<br />' oder '<br>' zurück.
Die Eingabezeichenkette.
Bestimmt, ob XHTML-kompatible Zeilenumbrüche verwendet werden sollen oder nicht.
Gibt die veränderte Zeichenkette zurück.
Beispiel #1 Verwenden von nl2br()
<?php
echo nl2br("foo ist nicht\n bar");
?>
Das oben gezeigte Beispiel erzeugt folgende Ausgabe:
foo ist nicht<br /> bar
Beispiel #2 Erstellen von validem HTML-Markup unter Verwendung des is_xhtml-Parameters
<?php
echo nl2br("Willkommen\r\nDies ist mein HTML-Dokument", false);
?>
Das oben gezeigte Beispiel erzeugt folgende Ausgabe:
Willkommen<br> Dies ist mein HTML-Dokument
| Version | Beschreibung |
|---|---|
| 5.3.0 | Der optionale is_xhtml-Parameter wurde hinzugefügt. |
| 4.0.5 | nl2br() ist nun XHTML-konform. Alle älteren Versionen geben string mit vor allen Zeilenumbrüchen eingefügtem '<br>' statt '<br />' zurück. |
Hi, I wrote this function to prevent double lines when doing nl2br with pre tag in HTML. Hope it helps someone.
<?php
function my_nl2br($string){
$string = str_replace("\n", "<br />", $string);
if(preg_match_all('/\<pre\>(.*?)\<\/pre\>/', $string, $match)){
foreach($match as $a){
foreach($a as $b){
$string = str_replace('<pre>'.$b.'</pre>', "<pre>".str_replace("<br />", "", $b)."</pre>", $string);
}
}
}
return $string;
}
?>
Source: http://webarto.com/59/php-nl2br-pre
This function will change new lines (line breaks) to <br/> and it allows you to limit the amount of brs allowed at any point in time.
This function was made to avoid people spaming a textarea with hundreds of line breaks or empty lines.
<?php
function nl2br_limit($string, $num){
$dirty = preg_replace('/\r/', '', $string);
$clean = preg_replace('/\n{4,}/', str_repeat('<br/>', $num), preg_replace('/\r/', '', $dirty));
return nl2br($clean);
}
echo nl2br_limit($string,'4');
?>
// Heres how it works //
nl2br_limit($string, $num)
// $string is the entered text you want to strip lines out of, it could be ($_POST['myinput'])
// $num is the amount of consecutive <br/>'s that are allowed any at a time.
The user is allowed to enter as many line breaks as $num allows
Recursive solution to avoid replacing newlines inside <pre> tags:
<?php
function findOpenPre($line) {
$start = strpos($line,'<pre');
if ($start === false) {
return nl2br($line);
} else {
return nl2br(substr($line,0,$start-1)).findClosePre(substr($line,$start));
}
}
function findClosePre($line) {
$start = strpos($line,'</pre>');
if ($start === false) {
return $line.'</pre>'; # should never come here
} else {
return substr($line,0,$start+6).findOpenPre(substr($line,$start+7));
}
}
echo findOpenPre('hello '.chr(10).'<pre> world'.chr(10).'</pre>');
?>
will return "hello <br><pre> world\n</pre>"
instead of "hello <br><pre> world<br></pre>"
Jose.
*Strictly* reverts PHP's nl2br() effects (whether it was used in XHTML mode or not):
<?php
function nl2br_revert($string) {
return preg_replace('`<br(?: /)?>([\\n\\r])`', '$1', $string);
}
?>
Indeed, in a string which was just nl2br'd:
- a BR added by PHP is directly followed by a \n or a \r character, and vice versa
- a PHP-added BR is either "<br />" or "<br>" (no need to match "<br/>", "<br />", "<BR>"...)
Thus this function only removes PHP-added BRs (which "strictly reverts" meant).
The following would be even more logical, as nl2br() doesn't use both BR forms at once:
<?php
function nl2br_revert_bis($string) {
$br = preg_match('`<br>[\\n\\r]`',$string) ? '<br>' : '<br />';
return preg_replace('`'.$br.'([\\n\\r])`', '$1', $string);
}
?>
If you don't want to use regular expressions, here are "plain" alternatives:
<?php
function nl2br_revert_noregex($string) {
// watch for order in arrays
// (the first 2 elements are for the case nl2br() was used in old HTML mode)
return str_replace(
array("<br>\n", "<br>\r", "<br />\n", "<br />\r"),
array("<br />\n", "<br />\r", "\n", "\r"),
$string
);
}
function nl2br_revert_bis_noregex($string) {
$br = (strpos($string,"<br>\n")!==false || strpos($string,"<br>\r")!==false) ? '<br>' : '<br />';
return str_replace(
array($br."\n", $br."\r"),
array( "\n", "\r"),
$string
);
}
?>
convert multiple new lines to p tags with an optional class assigned to the p tags
<?php
function nl2p($string, $class='') {
$class_attr = ($class!='') ? ' class="'.$class.'"' : '';
return
'<p'.$class_attr.'>'
.preg_replace('#(<br\s*?/?>\s*?){2,}#', '</p>'."\n".'<p'.$class_attr.'>', nl2br($string, true))
.'</p>';
}
?>
Another br2nl-Function. This works with text for textareas too... Other solutions here would result in \n in the textbox and no wrap.
<?php
function br2nl($string){
$return=eregi_replace('<br[[:space:]]*/?'.
'[[:space:]]*>',chr(13).chr(10),$string);
return $return;
}
?>
Grüße!
Sebastian
for the <pre> tag problem, the reason why nl2br does that is because it converts all \n to <br />\n
(see the extra \n there)
an easy hack is to use strtr to replace all \n with just <br />
eg.
<?php
function mynl2br($text) {
return strtr($text, array("\r\n" => '<br />', "\r" => '<br />', "\n" => '<br />'));
}
?>
very simple and very fast. the only disadvantage is that anyone reading your nl2br'd html will see it all on one line.
An addition to sean' function:
Please read http://www.php.net/manual/en/function.strpos.php and the warning about return values of strpos().
<?php
// (... snip ...)
if(!strpos($string, "<pre>")) // triggered if <pre> is at the beginning of the string
// (... snip ...)
if(strpos($line, "<pre>")) // this time, not triggered if <pre> is at the beginning of the line
// (... snip ...)
?>
Avoid shortcuts and compare boolean results strictly with '==='.
BTW, <pre> elements aren't allowed inside <p> elements (xhtml strict) so one would avoid putting a <br /> element at the end of a <pre> element.
<?php
// do nl2br except when in a pre tag
function nl2brPre($string)
{
// First, check for <pre> tag
if(strpos($string, "<pre>") === false)
{
return nl2br($string);
}
// If there is a <pre>, we have to split by line
// and manually replace the linebreaks with <br />
$strArr=explode("\n", $string);
$output="";
$preFound=3;
// Loop over each line
foreach($strArr as $line)
{ // See if the line has a <pre>. If it does, set $preFound to true
if(strpos($line, "<pre>") === true)
{
$preFound=1;
}
elseif(strpos($line, "</pre>"))
{
$preFound=2;
}
// If we are in a pre tag, just give a \n, else a <br />
switch($preFound) {
case 1: // found a <pre> tag, close the <p> element
$output .= "</p>\n" . $line . "\n";
break;
case 2: // found the closing </pre> tag, append a newline and open a new <p> element
$output .= $line . "\n<p>";
$preFound = 3; // switch to normal behaviour
break;
case 3: // simply append a <br /> element
$output .= $line . "<br />";
break;
}
}
return $output;
}
?>
Ever had a problem with using nl2br() for something like a blog post which contains anything inside of a <pre> tag? It will give you double spaces. Ugly for posting code examples. Here's my solution.
If it doesn't detect a <pre> tag inside of the $string you pass in, it uses regular ol' nl2br(). Otherwise, it explodes the string by \n, and only adds <br /> to lines that are NOT inside the <pre> tag!
This function completely avoids using RegEx and stacks. Simple, and fairly fast.
<?php
// do nl2br except when in a pre tag
function nl2brPre($string)
{
// First, check for <pre> tag
if(!strpos($string, "<pre>"))
{
return nl2br($string);
}
// If there is a <pre>, we have to split by line
// and manually replace the linebreaks with <br />
$strArr=explode("\n", $string);
$output="";
$preFound=false;
// Loop over each line
foreach($strArr as $line)
{ // See if the line has a <pre>. If it does, set $preFound to true
if(strpos($line, "<pre>"))
{
$preFound=true;
}
elseif(strpos($line, "</pre>"))
{
$preFound=false;
}
// If we are in a pre tag, just give a \n, else a <br />
if($preFound)
{
$output .= $line . "\n";
}
else
{
$output .= $line . "<br />";
}
}
return $output;
}
?>
Hope this comes in handy!
Here's a more simple one:
<?php
/**
* Convert BR tags to nl
*
* @param string The string to convert
* @return string The converted string
*/
function br2nl($string)
{
return preg_replace('/\<br(\s*)?\/?\>/i', "\n", $string);
}
?>
Enjoy
function to replace all \n\n\n\n\n\n \r\r\r\r only one <br />
<?php
function Only1br($string)
{
return preg_replace("/(\r\n)+|(\n|\r)+/", "<br />", $string);
}
$string = "this is \n\n\n a String with many \n\n\r\r returns!";
$string = Only1br($string);
//returns: this is <br /> a String with many <br /> returns!";
?>
After a recent post at the forums on Dev Shed, I noticed that it isn't mentioned, so I will mention it.
nl2br returns pure HTML, so it should be after PHP anti-HTML functions ( such as strip_tags and htmlspecialchars ).
Simple function that converts more than one <br>,<br/>,<br />... to a <p></p>. Maybe it's useful for someone =)
<?php
function br2p($string)
{
return preg_replace('#<p>[\n\r\s]*?</p>#m', '', '<p>'.preg_replace('#(<br\s*?/?>){2,}#m', '</p><p>', $string).'</p>');
}
?>
Useful used with nl2br:
<?php
br2p(nl2br(...));
?>
On the contrary, <b>mark at dreamjunky.comno-spam</b>, this function is rightfully named. Allow me to explain. Although it does re-add the line break, it does so in an attempt to stay standards-compliant with the W3C recommendations for code format.
According to said recommendations, a new line character must follow a line break tag. In this situation, the new line is not removed, but a break tag is added for proper browser display where a paragraph isn't necessary or wanted.
<?php
function nls2p($str)
{
return str_replace('<p></p>', '', '<p>'
. preg_replace('#([\r\n]\s*?[\r\n]){2,}#', '</p>$0<p>', $str)
. '</p>');
}
?>
Turns two or more consecutive newlines (separated by possible white space) into a <p>...</p>.
Pass result to regular nl2br() to add <br/> to remaining nl's, eg,
<?php
echo nl2br(nls2p("Paragraph1\n\nParagraph2\n line1\n line2\n"));
?>
result:
<p>Paragraph1</p>
<p>Paragraph2<br/>
line1<br/>
line2<br/></p>
to replace all linebreaks to <br />
the best solution (IMO) is:
<?php
function nl2br2($string) {
$string = str_replace(array("\r\n", "\r", "\n"), "<br />", $string);
return $string;
}
?>
because each OS have different ASCII chars for linebreak:
windows = \r\n
unix = \n
mac = \r
works perfect for me
<?php
function p2nl ($str) {
return preg_replace(array("/<p[^>]*>/iU","/<\/p[^>]*>/iU"),
array("","\n"),
$str);
}
$string = "0<p>1</p><p>2</p>3";
var_dump(p2nl($string));
/*
Output:
string(6) "01
2
3"
*/
?>
Here a litle function that might come handy one time:
It gives back a String and adds a <BR> (you can change it to <br />) to every line end. And it adds $num blanks to the front of the next line.
<?php
function nl2brnl($text, $num)
{
return preg_replace("/\\r\\n|\\n|\\r/", sprintf("% -".(5+$num)."s","<BR>\\n"), $text);
}
$a = " one\\n two\\r\\n three";
$b = nl2brnl($a, 2);
var_dump($b);
/* output will be:
string(30) " one<BR>
two<BR>
three"
*/
echo " <P>\\n ";
echo $b
/* output will be:
<P>
one<BR>
two<BR>
three
*/
?>
Is helpfull for avouding code_soup.
I have modified my function found in the previous post.
It now uses preg_replace() which should technically be faster than ereg_replace(). You can also specify what you want to replace "\r\n" with. If you use the function with only one parameter, it will use '<br />' by default.
<?php
function nl2brStrict($text, $replacement = '<br />')
{
return preg_replace("((\r\n)+)", trim($replacement), $text);
}
?>
Using buzoganylaszlo at yahoo dot com simple nl2p function, I've written a more HTML compliant function to deal with line breaks ...
<?php
/* FORMATS LINE BREAKS WITH PROPER HTML TAGS */
function format_html($content)
{
$content = "<p>" . str_replace("\r\n", "<br/>", $content) . "";
$content = "" . str_replace("<br/><br/>", "</p><p>", $content) . "";
return "" . str_replace("<br/><li>", "<li>", $content) . "";
}
?>
Here is an example of its use ...
<?php
/* CONTENT TO BE PROCCESSED */
$content = "This is a\r\nline break.\r\n\r\nAnd this is a new paragraph.";
/* USE OF format_html FUNCTION */
/* NOTE: If you want 100% proper HTML tags, you'll need to add a closing paragraph tag (</p>) as shown below. */
echo format_html("$content</p>");
?>
The above will print ...
<p>This is a
<br/>line break.
<p>And this is a paragraph.</p>
Seems like I was a bit too quick and left out the vital part, and I also missed to escape the slashes in the post...
<?php
function br2nl($text)
{
return preg_replace('/<br\\\\s*?\\/??>/i', "\\n", $text);
}
?>
Seeing all these suggestions on a br2nl function, I can also see that neither would work with a sloppy written html line break.. Users can't be trusted to write good code, we know that, and mixing case isn't too uncommon.
I think this little snippet would do most tricks, both XHTML style and HTML, even mixed case like <Br> <bR /> and even <br > or <br />.
<?php
function br2nl($text)
{
return preg_replace('/<br\\s*?\/??>/i', '', $text);
}
?>
Note to foltscane at yahoo dot com
Wouldn't it be easier to do this:
$encoded_string = nl2br( htmlentities( $string_to_encode ) );
There is a simple nl2p function:
<?php
function nl2p($text) {
return "<p>" . str_replace("\n", "</p><p>", $text) . "</p>";
}
?>
I was interested in changing \n to <BR> but then still having htmlentities enforced inbetween these added <BR>s. So I wrote this simple textentities which will do just that.
function textentities($s)
{
while($sp = strpos($s,"\n"))
{
echo htmlentities(substr($s,0,$sp))."<BR>";
$s = substr($s,$sp+1,strlen($s));
}
echo htmlentities($s);
}
Comment on emailfire at gmail dot com nl2brr. It should be:
<? return str_replace(array("\r\n", "\n", "\r"), "<br>", $text); ?>
You've forgotten the backslashes.
Re: emailfire
The function emailfire posted is missing some backslashes, a better alternative to it is:
<?php
$foo = "This\nis a\r\ntest\rmessage";
function nl2brr($text)
{
return preg_replace("/\r\n|\n|\r/", "<br>", $text);
}
echo nl2brr($foo);
# Output: This<br>is a<br>test<br>message
?>
I put both functions in a for-loop and surprisingly preg_replace is a lot faster, I assume this is because str_replace will search the string several times. If you know what kind of breaks (Windows/Unix) you are expecting it is obviously better to use str_replace.
A note: Internet Explorer does not have any XHTML support, even browsers that DO have XHTML support (such as Firefox or Opera) will not parse pages as XHTML unless told so via a Header (for example through php's header function, like <?php header(Content-type: application/xhtml+xml); ?>), the tag <br /> is invalid in HTML 4. Since all browsers show it correctly anyway (though according to the specification they shouldn't), you could simply not care...
Trouble was with file function when long tags where broken by \r\n and function strip_tags worked not correctly with every element of array. This step prepare string from file for using function file and then strip_tags. (For example, html file generated by M$ Word)
<?php
$str = file_get_contents($filename);
$str = str_replace("\r\n", "\n", $str);
$opentag = 0;
$nl = 0;
for($i = 0; $i < strlen($str); $i++)
{
if($opentag == 1 && $str[$i] == "\n")
{
$str[$i] = ' ';
continue;
}
if($str[$i] == '<')
$opentag = 1;
elseif($str[$i] == '>')
$opentag = 0;
else ;
}
?>
I wrote this because I wanted users to be able to do basic layout formatting by hitting enter in a textbox but still wanted to allow HTML elements (tables, lists, etc). The problem was in order for the output to be correct with nl2br the HTML had to be "scrunched" up so newlines wouldn't be converted; the following function solved my problem so I figured I'd share.
<?php
function nl2br_skip_html($string)
{
// remove any carriage returns (mysql)
$string = str_replace("\r", '', $string);
// replace any newlines that aren't preceded by a > with a <br />
$string = preg_replace('/(?<!>)\n/', "<br />\n", $string);
return $string;
}
?>
based on previous notes, a generalist function that works with any <tag>...</tag>, and its ^-1. (use it with "li", for example) :
<?php
function nl2any($string, $tag = 'p', $feed = '') {
// making tags
$start_tag = "<$tag" . ($feed ? ' '.$feed : '') . '>' ;
$end_tag = "</$tag>" ;
// exploding string to lines
$lines = preg_split('`[\n\r]+`', trim($string)) ;
// making new string
$string = '' ;
foreach($lines as $line)
$string .= "$start_tag$line$end_tag\n" ;
return $string ;
}
function any2nl($string, $tag = 'p') {
//exploding
preg_match_all("`<".$tag."[^>]*>(.*)</".$tag.">`Ui", $string, $results) ;
// reimploding without tags
return implode("\n", array_filter($results[1])) ;
}
?>
I just had a problem when trying "`<$tag[^>]*>(.*)</$tag>`Ui" regexp string, I can't figure out why.
Regarding last post by admin at ninthcircuit, I think:
"rather than get into nasty regular expressions" === "I don't understand regular expressions"
No offense, but please be aware that kristen's solution is much more robust. The ninthcircuit solution will miss cases when there are differences in case (e.g., BR instead of br) and when there is more than one space between the r and the / (e.g., <br />).
We all like robust code, don't we?
As stated in the manual above, PHP's nl2br() feature only puts a "<br />" tag before each newline ("\n"). So -- if you intend to code a br2nl() function for yourselves, all you have to do is remove every occurence of "<br />" or "<br>".
Rather than get into nasty regular expressions to accomplish this, just use what PHP has built in already -- str_replace():
<?php
/* br2nl for use with HTML forms, etc. */
function br2nl($text)
{
/* Remove XHTML linebreak tags. */
$text = str_replace("<br />","",$text);
/* Remove HTML 4.01 linebreak tags. */
$text = str_replace("<br>","",$text);
/* Return the result. */
return $text;
}
?>
The final result from this function being called is whatever was entered before XHTML/HTML linebreaks were added.
All newlines are preserved by default, as per PHP ln2br() specification. Since the code above preserves newlines also, you can expect your data to reappear in the same way it was entered.
Hope this helps.
A note to add to the br2nl. Since nl2br doesn't remove the line breaks when adding in the <br /> tags, it is necessary to strip those off before you convert all of the tags, otherwise you will get double spacing. Here is the modified function:
function br2nl($str) {
$str = preg_replace("/(\r\n|\n|\r)/", "", $str);
return preg_replace("=<br */?>=i", "\n", $str);
}
// Convert only <br> <br /> and <br /> to newline
function br2nl($str) {
return preg_replace('=<br */?>=i', "\n", $str);
}
The Script at the bottom whit '!<br.*>!iU' match tags like <break> or something.
For people trying br2nl, but getting stuck at double newlines (or at least more then needed), try this:
<?php
function br2nl($coffee) {
$coffee = str_replace("\r\n", "\n", $coffee); // make from windows-returns, *nix-returns
$coffee = str_replace("<br />\n", "\n", $coffee); // to retrieve it
return $coffee;
}
?>
The first thing \r\n is replacing linebreaks made on Windows systems. I believe *nix systems only place \n (not sure about it).
Have fun.
Jochem
here is the CSS friendly version, called nl2li_css()
Inputs a param css_class (default ="none") and pass it as class of All <li> List Items.
<?
function nl2li_css($str,$css_class = "none",$ordered = 0, $type = "1") {
//check if its ordered or unordered list, set tag accordingly
if ($ordered)
{
$tag="ol";
//specify the type
$tag_type="type=$type";
}
else
{
$tag="ul";
//set $type as NULL
$tag_type=NULL;
}
// add ul / ol tag
// add tag type
// add first list item starting tag - use css class
// add last list item ending tag
$str = "<$tag $tag_type><li class=\"$css_class\">" . $str ."</li></$tag>";
//replace /n with adding two tags
// add previous list item ending tag
// add next list item starting tag - use css class
$str = str_replace("\n","</li><br />\n<li class=\"$css_class\">",$str);
//spit back the modified string
return $str;
}
?>
Suggestions welcome again :)
A handy function to convert new line \n seprated text into ordered or unordered list. I am calling it nl2li, suggestions welcome. Second optional parameter sets the list as ordered (1) or unordered (0 = default). Third parameter can be used to specify type of ordered list, valid inputs are "1" = default ,"a","A","i","I".
function nl2li($str,$ordered = 0, $type = "1") {
//check if its ordered or unordered list, set tag accordingly
if ($ordered)
{
$tag="ol";
//specify the type
$tag_type="type=$type";
}
else
{
$tag="ul";
//set $type as NULL
$tag_type=NULL;
}
// add ul / ol tag
// add tag type
// add first list item starting tag
// add last list item ending tag
$str = "<$tag $tag_type><li>" . $str ."</li></$tag>";
//replace /n with adding two tags
// add previous list item ending tag
// add next list item starting tag
$str = str_replace("\n","</li><br />\n<li>",$str);
//spit back the modified string
return $str;
}
There are other nl2p examples above, but think this one will provide nicer html. Also threw in a very related br2p function for all of those folks who want to strip away the <br /> tags which give their designers the blues.
/**
* replacement for php's nl2br tag that produces more designer friendly html
*
* Modified from: http://www.php-editors.com/contest/1/51-read.html
*
* @param string $text
* @param string $cssClass
* @return string
*/
function nl2p($text, $cssClass=''){
// Return if there are no line breaks.
if (!strstr($text, "\n")) {
return $text;
}
// Add Optional css class
if (!empty($cssClass)) {
$cssClass = ' class="' . $cssClass . '" ';
}
// put all text into <p> tags
$text = '<p' . $cssClass . '>' . $text . '</p>';
// replace all newline characters with paragraph
// ending and starting tags
$text = str_replace("\n", "</p>\n<p" . $cssClass . '>', $text);
// remove empty paragraph tags & any cariage return characters
$text = str_replace(array('<p' . $cssClass . '></p>', '<p></p>', "\r"), '', $text);
return $text;
} // end nl2p
/**
* expanding on the nl2p tag above to convert user contributed
* <br />'s to <p>'s so it displays more nicely.
*
* @param string $text
* @param string $cssClass
* @return string
*/
function br2p($text, $cssClass=''){
if (!eregi('<br', $text)) {
return $text;
}
if (!empty($cssClass)) {
$cssClass = ' class="' . $cssClass . '" ';
}
// put all text into <p> tags
$text = '<p' . $cssClass . '>' . $text . '</p>';
// replace all break tags with paragraph
// ending and starting tags
$text = str_replace(array('<br>', '<br />', '<BR>', '<BR />'), "</p>\n<p" . $cssClass . '>', $text);
// remove empty paragraph tags
$text = str_replace(array('<p' . $cssClass . '></p>', '<p></p>', "<p>\n</p>"), '', $text);
return $text;
}
This is all code from Back-End CMS (http://www.back-end.org), a template based gpl php/mysql cms.
Mike
here's a modified version that allows the addition of style tags to the <p> marker
function nl2p($str,$addtag='') {
return str_replace('<p'.$addtag.'></p>', '', '<p'.$addtag.'>' . preg_replace('#\n|\r#', '</p>$0<p'.$addtag.'>', $str) . '</p>');
}
$x = "abc\ndef"
echo nl2p($x); // outputs <p>abc</p>\n<p>def</p>
echo nl2p($x,' style="text-align:justify"');
// outputs <p style="text-align:justify">abc</p>\n<p style="text-align:justify">def</p>
If you want to respect W3C, you can use this function :
<?php
function nl2p($str)
{
return str_replace('<p></p>', '', '<p>' . preg_replace('#\n|\r#', '</p>$0<p>', $str) . '</p>');
}
?>
Cya :)
It's important to remember that this function does NOT replace newlines with <br> tags. Rather, it inserts a <br> tag before each newline, but it still preserves the newlines themselves! This caused problems for me regarding a function I was writing -- I forgot the newlines were still being preserved.
If you don't want newlines, do:
<?php
$Result = str_replace( "\n", '<br />', $Text );
?>
string nl2br_indent ( string string [, mixed indent] )
This function adds break tags before newlines as nl2br and also indents the text.
If indent is not specified, string will not be indented.
<?php
function nl2br_indent($string, $indent = 0)
{
//remove carriage returns
$string = str_replace("\r", '', $string);
//convert indent to whitespaces if it is a integer.
if (is_int($indent)) {
//set indent to length of the string
$indent = str_repeat(' ', (int)$indent);
}
//replace newlines with "<br />\n$indent"
$string = str_replace("\n", "<br />\n".$indent, $string);
//add the indent to the first line too
$string = $indent.$string;
return $string;
}
?>
This is for example useful to indent text in html tags:
<?php
$str = 'Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit.
In massa nunc, cursus eu, tincidunt in, eleifend non, enim. In ut felis. Nunc
scelerisque ante vel risus. Nulla quis metus non elit scelerisque tincidunt.'
echo '<html>'."\n";
echo ' <p>'."\n";
echo nl2br_indent($str, 4)."\n";
echo ' </p>'."\n";
echo '</html>'."\n";
?>
will return:
<html>
<p>
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit.<br />
In massa nunc, cursus eu, tincidunt in, eleifend non, enim. In ut felis. Nunc<br />
scelerisque ante vel risus. Nulla quis metus non elit scelerisque tincidunt.
</p>
</html>
- $str is indented by 4 spaces.
An easy way to get HTML formatted with <br> from a ASCII text file with CR & LF:
<?php
$string_text=file_get_contents("/path_to/file.txt"); // load text file in var
$new_text=nl2br($string_text); // convert CR & LF in <br> in newvar
echo $new_text; // print out HTML formatted text
unset($string_text, $new_text); // clear all vars to unload memory
?>
Take extreme care with nl2br(). It is a simple replacement function -- apparently equivalent to preg_replace("\n","<br \>\n").
It should not be used on input from HTML textareas, unless all HTML tags are stripped from the input first. nl2br() does not do anything special to newlines that occur within HTML elements (such as the <a> anchor tag).
Some browsers will submit textarea data with newlines inserted at the points where the user's input wrapped to the next line. This can cause anchor links to break and other erratic appearance of HTML:
<a <br \>href=http://us2.php.net/manual/en/function.nl2br.php>PHP nl2br()</a>
or worse:
<a href="http://www.site.com/user/page with <br />spaces.html">URL with spaces</a>
A lot of people use nl2br() to allow their users to insert explicit line and paragraph breaks via newlines, and their applications will exhibit this problem when used with such browsers.
Better br2nl function (allows for non-valid XHTML tags). I find it useful for parsing 3rd party websites to convert their screwy BR formats to \n.
<?php
function br2nl( $data ) {
return preg_replace( '!<br.*>!iU', "\n", $data );
}
?>
Just a couple adjustments to the function below.
<?php
function nl2br_pre($string, $wrap = 40) {
$string = nl2br($string);
preg_match_all("/<pre[^>]*?>(.|\n)*?<\/pre>/", $string, $pre1);
for ($x = 0; $x < count($pre1[0]); $x++) {
$pre2[$x] = preg_replace("/\s*<br[^>]*?>\s*/", "", $pre1[0][$x]);
$pre2[$x] = preg_replace("/([^\n]{".$wrap."})(?!<\/pre>)(?!\n)/", "$1\n", $pre2[$x]);
$pre1[0][$x] = "/".preg_quote($pre1[0][$x], "/")."/";
}
return preg_replace($pre1[0], $pre2, $string);
}
?>
You might ask, why not just use:
<?php $string = str_replace("\n", "<br />", $string); ?>
... and prevent double spacing that way by actually *replacing* the \n with <br />, whereas nl2br() *inserts* a <br />.
Well, the answer is, doing it that way makes all the HTML output appear on a single line! Ugly, to say the least. The function above will keep your HTML source output formatted the same way you input it. :)
I put together a little function to convert multiple line breaks into XHTML paragraph tags. It also changes newlines within the psuedo-paragraphs to <br />. This should be well suited to CMS where (in my case) you don't want the client to deal with *any* HTML but you still want proper paragraphs for your pages.
USAGE: You can write your text just like I have here, using the enter key as the only formatting tool. This can probably be made more efficient and I'll keep an updated (and unmangled) version of it at
http://www.photomatt.net/scripts/autop
Diese Seite bei php.net